Antibiotics also called antibacterials, are a type of antimicrobial drug used in the treatment and prevention of bacterial infections. They may either kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria.

 

Antibiotics

Chloramphenicol, Nitrofurans, Tetracycline, Oxytetracycline, Chlortetracycline.

 

Nitrofuran antibiotics, employed for the treatment of bacterial diseases in livestock production, were banned from use in the European Union (EU) in 1995 due to concerns about the carcinogenicity of their residues in edible tissue.

Types of nitrofurans & its metabolite:

Furazolidone (FZD); AOZ = 3-amino-2-oxazolidinone

Furaltadone (FTD); AMOZ = 3-amino-5-morpholino-methyl-1,3-oxa- zolidinone

Nitrofurantoin (NFT); AHD = 1-aminohydantoin

Nitrofurazone (NFZ); SEM = Semicarbazide

 

Chloramphenicol is a synthetic broadspectrum antimicrobial which is active against most Gram-negative and Grampositive aerobic bacteria. It is also active against many anaerobic bacteria. It is primarily bacteriostatic and inhibits bacterial protein synthesis.

 

Tetracycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic derived from a species of Streptomyces.It induces bacteriostasis by inhibiting protein synthesis, and is selectively concentrated in susceptible organisms.